What is CO-PO Mapping in Bloom’s Taxonomy? Bloom’s Taxonomy was created by Benjamin Bloom in 1956, published as a kind of classification of learning outcomes and objectives,

CO-PO Mapping stands for

• CO = Course Outcome
• PO = Program Outcome

When we map COs to POs using Bloom’s Taxonomy, we are linking what a student learns in a specific course (CO) to the broader skills they are expected to develop by the time they complete a program (PO), using Bloom’s levels of learning (Remember, Understand, Apply, etc.).

Why is CO-PO Mapping important?

It helps align course objectives with program-level goals

Ensures quality assurance in education (like NBA, and NAAC accreditation)

Identifies if the course supports higher-order thinking skills (as per Bloom’s)

Provides a matrix to measure how well outcomes are being achieved

Quick Recap of Bloom’s Levels (Revised)

Level	Description	Keywords

1. Remember

Recall facts

list, define, identify

2. Understand

Explain ideas

describe, explain, summarize

3. Apply

Use in new situations

use, solve, implement

4. Analyze

Break down & compare

analyze, differentiate, test

5. Evaluate

Justify a decision

judge, evaluate, argue

6. Create

Make something new

design, construct, invent

Example of CO-PO Mapping Table

Course Outcome (CO)	Bloom’s Level	Related Program Outcomes (POs)

CO1: Define and describe basic networking terms

Remembering

PO1: Engineering Knowledge

CO2: Analyze network protocols

Analyzing

PO2: Problem Analysis

CO3: Design a simple network topology

Creating

PO3: Design/Development of Solutions

CO-PO mapping in Bloom’s Taxonomy is all about

• Ensuring course-level objectives teach the right level of thinking
• Matching those to program goals (what students should be able to do after graduation)

Example: Environmental Science Course

Course Outcome (CO)	Bloom’s Level

CO1: Recall key concepts of ecosystems, biodiversity, and natural resources

Remembering

CO2: Explain environmental problems and their social/economic impacts

Understanding

CO3: Apply sustainable practices in real-world scenarios

Applying

CO4: Analyze case studies on pollution and disaster management

Analyzing

CO5: Evaluate environmental policies and suggest improvements

Evaluating

CO6: Design a local environmental awareness campaign or eco-friendly solution

Creating

Sample Program Outcomes (POs) for a B.Sc./B.Tech program

PO No	Program Outcome Description

PO1	Apply knowledge of science/engineering fundamentals

PO2	Analyze problems and identify solutions

PO3	Design solutions for societal and environmental needs

PO4	Use research and modern tools in investigations

PO5	Understand the impact of solutions in societal and environmental contexts

PO6	Practice ethics and environmental responsibility

CO-PO Mapping Table (COs mapped to relevant POs)

CO → PO ↓	CO1	CO2	CO3	CO4	CO5	CO6

PO1

3

2

3

2

2

1

PO2

–

2

3

3

2

2

PO3

–

–

3

2

2

3

PO4

–

–

–

2

3

3

PO5

2

3

3

3

3

3

PO6

2

3

3

2

3

3

(3 = Strongly Mapped, 2 = Moderately Mapped, 1 = Low Mapping, – = Not Mapped)

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